ABSTRACT
This chapter dwells on the role of policy research, outreach and advocacy in strengthening and scaling up social innovations to address the unmet needs of urban sanitation in India. All research studies have a common goal to produce new knowledge and explanations. The chapter presents various cases of research that have produced new knowledge and have often, especially in the case of civil society organisations (CSOs) involved in social innovation, developed a solution. Most CSOs have made different contributions to understanding and meeting unmet needs in urban sanitation, while primarily relying on different advocacy tools reflective of their mandates. The chapter locates these different approaches within the developed framework and discusses the key efforts of CSOs. It summarises how these different approaches, coalitions and networks not only remain relevant but also influence policies to meet the shifting goals of urban sanitation in India.
