ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the Nordic Model of governance, focusing on the engagement of state and non-state actors in seven cities located in the European Arctic. Its purpose is to suggest ways to enhance the existing governance model to better support participation and policy alignment. This chapter provides an overview of relevant institutions and actor groups, including politicians, administrators, representatives of businesses and citizens, and examines how they address and question issues related to sustainable urban development. Additionally, the chapter delves into the interactions between these actors and local institutions, contextualising their relationships within the urban development dynamics of the cities investigated. It identifies both the prerequisites and obstacles to participation, highlighting conflicting policies at various levels. The analysis reveals a misalignment between the principles of the Nordic Model, which emphasises equality and transparent decision-making, and the actual practices in the municipalities examined. This gap stems from disparities in knowledge and resources among different actor(group)s, leading to a dominance of politicians, administrators, and industry representatives in policy- and decision-making processes.
