ABSTRACT
Chapter 3 introduces metaphor and analogy as potential mechanisms for representational change. Broadly, they are defined as partial mappings between the attributes and/or relations of two knowledge domains with the intent to express, understand, or explain aspects of an unfamiliar target to oneself or others. It first presents a brief overview of established theory of metaphor and analogy-making in cognitive science, before discussing their roles in problem solving inside and outside of the laboratory. It comes to the conclusion that a lot of work on analogies in metaphors in problem solving focusses either on their comprehension rather than their creative generation, or on the transfer of purely strategical knowledge. The chapter therefore closes with a call for exploratory research to aid further theory development, and in particular for the use of more complex problems which afford their solvers to develop their own understanding of them.
