ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights entry points for conflict-sensitive programming across the project life cycle. It draws upon experiences with projects supported by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the broader literature on conflict-sensitive programming. Conflict-sensitive project design comprises four key steps: context analysis, consultation, the development of specific conflict-sensitive measures, and budgeting. One of the most important and difficult steps in conflict-sensitive programming is adjusting projects to reflect developments and learning. Some, such as the World Bank and Conservation International, have established centers to provide training and technical assistance on conflict-sensitive programming. The seven fragile and conflict-affected situations examined in detail and presented in the case study chapters, as well as other GEF projects considered, present many instances in which a GEF project affected or was affected by indigenous groups. The biodiversity project in Colombia is a notable example of a project adjusting to address human rights considerations, particularly indigenous rights to autonomy and governance over their historic lands.
