ABSTRACT
While earlier chapters have outlined the development of frontier thinking, this one outlines how the historical development of the Fennoscandian cases (with a prominent focus on the Swedish case) differs from and contradicts any assumed frontier development. The chapter thereby illustrates the possibility of development in relation to other understandings of human-environment relationships. These differences can be seen in how environment and ‘wilderness’ (albeit understood largely through different terms), society and community, as well as indigenousness, were conceived of and how human-environment relations were institutionalised.
