ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we present examples of excavated and surveyed communal hunting sites within the various North American physiographic areas: the Plains, Great Basin, Rocky Mountain/Foothills, and Arctic/Subarctic regions. Medium-to-large animals targeted for communal kills vary by region and include bison (Bison bison antiquus, B. b. occidentalis, and B. b. bison) and pronghorn (Antilocapra americanus) in the Plains; bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), pronghorn (Antilocapra americanus), and deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in the Great Basin and Rocky Mountain/Foothills; and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in the Arctic/Subarctic zones. North American hunters developed various kill strategies from the end of the Pleistocene (ca. 14,000 cal BP), and their use continued throughout the Holocene.
