ABSTRACT
The concept of ecological integrity refers to the full functioning of natural processes without human interference, encompassing both living and non-living components. The concept of ecological integrity has had a significant impact on the 2030 Agenda. Originating from Aldo Leopold's work, it has evolved into a central theme in environmental science and policy. The related term ‘planetary integrity’ extends this concept to a global scale, addressing the overall health of Earth's interconnected systems. These ideas gained prominence following the 1968 ‘Earthrise’ photo, which inspired environmental movements worldwide. The concept has implications for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) governance, with particular relevance to SDGs 6, 13, 14 and 15. However, its integration into the SDG framework remains uneven due to definitional challenges and ethical controversies. The concept's ethical basis, which recognizes the intrinsic value of nature, suggests a more radical reformulation of the human-nature relationship than current global environmental policies address.
