ABSTRACT
More than 20 years after the adoption by the European Council of the European Union (EU)'s first strategy against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, this volume has sought to take stock of the evolution and provide an assessment of the EU's activities in the field of nuclear non-proliferation, as well as an exposition of the main factors that lead to these activities being contested by third parties. Undoubtedly, this is easier said than done, and the methodological and empirical challenges we have faced are numerous, especially because the EU interacts both bilaterally and multilaterally. Therefore, the objective of this final chapter is to offer an evaluation regarding the questions formulated in the introductory chapter: How has the EU's policy aimed at addressing the risks of non-proliferation emerged – and how has it performed? How is it perceived outside the Union, especially in the so-called Global South – is it accepted or contested, and why?
