ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at how online gambling can be regulated to prevent and reduce harm. Regulatory approaches can be divided into rules-based approaches, industry self-regulation and risk-based approaches. The underlying regulatory principles can impact which controls are implemented and how. The chapter reviews existing evidence on effective regulatory approaches in the onshore and offshore markets. In the onshore market, regulations are needed on different levels to address harms. Approaches to regulating data-driven practices are developing. In the offshore market, approaches to block, enforce and reduce availability are supported by emerging evidence. A competitive approach, consisting of making onshore offers more attractive, is actively lobbied by industry. Industry interests can form a barrier to regulations. The offshore industry is often used as an argument to resist regulations within the licensed market. The chapter concludes by discussing the need for meaningful international and regulatory collaboration.
