ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces key theoretical models that form the foundation of dual career research and practice. It explains why such models are valuable for understanding athletes’ dual career pathways and for guiding support services. First, the Holistic Athletic Career model is presented and discussed. It provides a multilayered view of an athlete’s development. Next, Athletic Career Transition model is outlined. It conceptualizes how athletic transitions are normative, nonnormative, or quasi-normative challenges that athletes must navigate. This chapter also addresses international and transnational dual career pathways, considering how cultural transitions and mobility create additional demands and opportunities for student-athletes. We then explore the concept of dual career development environments, underscoring the importance of structured support systems. Lastly, insights from recent position stands of sport psychologists are used to reinforce the practical value of applying these theoretical frameworks.
