ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the characteristics and consequences of the entry of non-Western and authoritarian powers into the field of conflict management and resolution are explored in detail. The emergence of an authoritarian model to deal with internal conflicts dates back to the processes of post-war reconstruction in places like Sri Lanka or Angola. Starting as an inward-looking approach, authoritarian conflict management became a form of wartime and post-conflict order in its own right following the involvement of non-Western actors in the resolution of conflicts. This chapter delineates the features of illiberal peace and describes the approaches of Russia, China, Turkey, the Gulf states, Brazil, India, and South Africa. It indulges in presenting value- and material-based interests and alternative practices, providing concrete examples, while also shedding light on the flaws underpinning a rigid dualist view (i.e., Western-liberal/non-Western illiberal). A final section is dedicated to looking at some of the most evident consequences of the involvement of these actors in the peacebuilding field.
