ABSTRACT
In the late nineteenth century, the concept of ‘antisemitism’ emerged. With the integration of Jews advancing rapidly, their opponents began to stir themselves: Jews were being given prominent positions, while they were a bad influence on society and loyal only to each other. Antisemites regarded every Jew as suspect. Jews were said to constitute an eastern race of their own, which could not possibly live together in harmony with Europeans. This new, racist hatred of Jews was different from the earlier anti-Judaism, which had attacked Jews and Jewishness on religious grounds.
