ABSTRACT
The organization Joods Maatschappelijk Werk (JMW) became known to some as the fourth denomination. It certainly reached and supported many unaffiliated Dutch Jews who were rarely if ever to be found even on the edges of the three official Jewish ‘denominations’, the Dutch Israelite Denomination, the Portuguese Israelite Denomination and the Dutch Union for Progressive Judaism. JMW had a strongly inclusive vision from the start: anyone who was Jewish qualified for assistance, irrespective of religion, politics or background.
