ABSTRACT
News framing effects do not typically occur across the board. In news framing effects research, along with the social sciences more broadly, there has been a surge in research identifying conditions under which effects take place and, in particular, on whom. Most research has been devoted to individual-level differences, disentangling the question of whether some individuals are more susceptible or less susceptible to framing effects. Such differences have included, for example, an individual’s degree of political knowledge or personal values. Importantly, however, the strength of framing effects also depends on context, such as whether the frames find resonance in the broader information environment or are presented alongside other competing views. This chapter summarizes the individual and contextual factors that influence the degree to which news framing effects play out. It then spotlights political knowledge as one of the key moderators within the field.
