ABSTRACT
In United States Interculturalism is commonly understood and it is popular in countries like Western Europe, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Like pluralists and critical multiculturalists, intercultural theorists understand so-called cultural difference as inevitably tied to political differences between social groups, and inequality of capability to practice or engage in dialogue across lines of social difference. Interculturalists are additionally aligned with critical multiculturalists in being suspicious of what is meant by culture, and how it is constructed in social contexts in ways that favor some groups over others. Emerging European interculturalism has its roots in a United Nations theme from 1998, Dialogue of Civilizations, which borrows from a theory of former Iranian president Seyed Mohammad Khatami, and is no doubt a direct response to Huntington's clash of civilizations view. In Kavianis study of teachers, one in particular, John, makes considering the diversity of Muslims the goal of one lesson.
