ABSTRACT
How did the anti-communist violence occur in East Java, particularly in Donomulyo? Was it structural violence organized by the military, or the result of communal anger from rightist groups? Using newly discovered archives from the Brawijaya Military Division, East Java, this chapter points to the structural coordination of the army in executing the violence in the area, including the utilization of civilian forces. This anti-communist operation was a mass violence which is well collaborated. Furthermore, the military project to establish the New Order down to village levels in East Java, indicates that the 1965–66 violence can be seen as an attempt to establish a new regime, rather than merely an extermination project against communists.
