Introduction

In Friesland in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, a great deal of fighting occurred in the entire Frisian coastal area between Alkmaar and Bremen, and primarily in the centrally located region between the Vlie, Lauwers, and Linde rivers. ¹ The clatter of arms was especially prevalent from 1480–1500, which ended with the loss of Frisian independence, but also during the civil war of 1514–1524 when Habsburg and Guelders fought for power. Hundreds of men and women were killed and wounded then, many more than in any later period.