ABSTRACT
The Orangi Pilot Project (OPP) is based in the urban center of Orangi, the largest katchi abadi or squatter settlement in Karachi, the country's largest city. Begun in 1980, OPP is a non-governmental organization (NGO). The project first focused on creating a system of underground sewers. Using local materials and labor, it succeeded in laying hundreds of kilometers of pipe, along with auxiliary facilities. Khan began work in Orangi less than a decade after Pakistan had endured the trauma of civil war and the secession of more than half its people. The OPP research and training institute manages sanitation, housing and social forestry programs; it also trains representatives of NGOs, government agencies, donor agencies and community organisations for all OPP programs. OPP also trained community members to monitor the work of Karachi municipal corporation contractors. Even with OPP working in the neighborhood, violence has periodically rocked Orangi. It is difficult to measure OPP's impact on dampening violence in Orangi.
