ABSTRACT
Following the conceptual clarification and the setting-up of the theoretical framework of the OSCE, this chapter focuses on the evolution of the OSCE from Conference to Organization, addressing the new instruments, mechanisms and procedures adopted by the organization to face the post-Cold War challenges. It discusses the various decision-making and executive organisms and the new instruments at the OSCE's disposal, in particular for the prevention and settlement of conflicts, and post-conflict rehabilitation efforts, questioning their value for addressing the issues in the former Soviet space. The chapter concludes by assessing the OSCE's possibilities and limitations in view of its inner characteristics and of the institutional relations between decision-making and executive organs, and with participating members. It highlights the particular characteristics and explains how the organization has been dealing with an all-encompassing mandate. The practice of preventive diplomacy is a gradual process, flexible and adjustable to the problems.
