ABSTRACT
This chapter covers the topic of conversation closings as part of overall structuring practices. The mundane practices of closings are more complex and subtle than we might initially think. It is a vital component of interactional competence. It is a social and linguistic skill that is more challenging for second language learners. Studies have revealed that some scripted dialog closings lack authenticity (Bardovi-Harlig, Hartford, Mahan-Taylor, Morgan, & Reynolds, 1991; Grant & Starks, 2001; Wong, 2007). In this chapter, we provide an overview of CA research on closings. Most of this research uses data from telephone conversations, but clearly some of the same issues and concerns are germane to face-to-face encounters (LeBaron and Jones, 2002; Robinson, 2001). We use transcripts of actual conversations for illustration, noting the pedagogical relevance of closings throughout the chapter. As with Chapter 5, we juxtapose our discussion with what is found in ESL/EFL textbook dialogs. We also include discussions on closings in other languages whenever relevant. We conclude with suggestions for instruction on closings in the ESL/ EFL classrooms.
