The investigation of plant behavior and cognition has become a matter of interest in both biology and the philosophy of biology; in particular, in plant neurobiology and the philosophy of plant neurobiology. Resources from cognitive science and the philosophy of psychology are called for. This chapter presents the philosophy of plant neurobiology at the intersection of plant neurobiology and cognitive science. The philosophy of plant neurobiology provides a starting point for the scientific pursuit of intelligence that is somewhat special. To understand the particular role of philosophy, it is important to bear in mind that plant physiology, broadly speaking, despite its capacity to identify particular mechanisms at work, does not suffice to account for intelligence. The philosophy of plant neurobiology lays the stress upon systematic properties of the sort that can be found in the behavioral repertoire of the so-called “lower” organisms.