ABSTRACT
With the exception of five pioneering studies (Black 1975, Gale 1976, National Urban Coalition 1977, Grier & Grier 1978, Clay 1979), the early literature on gentrification-related displacement was not grounded in empirical research. As late as 1979, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development's major report on displacement cited only two empirical studies on what happens to displacees (US Department of Housing and Urban Development 1979).
