ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an introduction to key ideas from positive psychology of particular relevance to self-development and clinical practice. Seligman’s PERMA theory is first outlined (PERMA stands for positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment). The chapter then covers Barbara Fredrickson’s Broaden and Build theory and Sonja Lyubomirsky’s theory about the three determinants of happiness (intentional action, genetics and circumstances). Positive psychology interventions build on these theories and take account of the scientific findings that people rapidly adapt to many things that evoke positive emotions and are poor at predicting what will make them happy. Extensive research shows that a range of positive psychology interventions improve well-being. These include setting highly valued goals, identifying and using personal strengths, mindfulness meditation, savouring pleasures, finding flow, being grateful, developing an optimistic outlook, relationship building, developing grit, being courageous, learning to live with trauma and practising forgiveness.
