Prediction of Hemodynamic Responses in Hypertensive and Elderly Subjects from Healthy Volunteer Data: The Example of Intravenous Nicardipine

doi:10.1201/9780203910276-21

Chapter

Prediction of Hemodynamic Responses in Hypertensive and Elderly Subjects from Healthy Volunteer Data: The Example of Intravenous Nicardipine

ABSTRACT

Pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling has been presented as a means of “improving the scientiﬁc knowledge base for early decision making in developing new drugs” (1). This chapter illustrates the use of integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling of multiple physiological responses in order to predict

drug response in patients based on a model established in healthy volunteers. This application of PK/PD modeling is especially relevant to early clinical development, particularly during transition from phase 1 to phase 2.