ABSTRACT
The number of students in a classroom has an impact on instruction, and on motivation. A single teacher can implement different types of activities and engage with students in different ways if a class has 15 students versus 30 students. The creation of positive learning environments that enhance student motivation is critical, but not always straightforward. The use of small learning communities within larger schools may be particularly helpful for students with special needs. On the interpersonal level, belonging is supported through relationships with teachers and peers, promoting students’ sense of competence for classroom activities, and facilitating social ties with others in the classroom and school. A second broader area that needs to be considered in discussions of student motivation is the impact of educational policy. Simply purchasing more materials and resources, in the absence of effective and motivational instructional practices, may not have beneficial effects on student outcomes.
