Recent Developments in CO2-Capture and Conversion Technologies

In the present era, global warming is a serious environmental concern, which is mainly caused by higher CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere. In order to mitigate the CO₂ level, it should be captured and converted. Plant, algae, and microbes present in nature have the capability to fix the atmospheric CO₂, but in the industrial areas where CO₂ concentration is high, the biological system cannot capture the whole CO₂. Nowadays, various nanoporous materials, chemicals, and graphene oxide particles have been used to capture and convert CO₂ into value-added products. The conversion of CO₂ into chemicals and fuels using chemical, enzymatic, and electrochemical systems may offer a promising strategy to recycle a huge quantity of carbon. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in various methods used for CO₂ capture and its conversion. However, various methods have been reported for CO₂ capture and its conversion, but individually each of these methods has its own limitations, which makes their commercial usage more complex.