This chapter identifies systematic differences between various types of regionally based development bodies and illuminates possible origins of the pattern. The discussion is based on a survey of selected institutions in Western European countries with regard to organisation, policy profile and modes of implementation. The chapter presents the survey and basic information on the selected development bodies. It discusses key characteristics of the institutions in relation to the general expectations of model regional development agencies (RDAs) with regard to organisation, policy profiles and modes of implementation. The chapter proposes a typology of regionally based development organisations, and considers possible origins of these patterns. While a development body incorporated into a regional council is likely to be subjected to a high degree of direct political control, the bureaucratic autonomy of an independent institution is potentially higher both with regard to long-term strategic decisions and day-to-day business.