ABSTRACT
Gordon Bower’s article in the first issue of the new journal Cognitive Psychology began, “A modest revolution is afoot today within the field of human learning, and the rebels are marching under the banner of ‘cognitive organization’” (1970, p. 18). Bower’s organizational manifesto signaled a sea change in memory research, moving beyond a narrow focus on undifferentiated associations between elements to a concern with the structural organization of material. The bases for organization included what he termed “relational rules” that constrained the range of potential responses to a stimulus, and hierarchical systems of categories that could be used to impose a preexisting organization on newly presented material.
