ABSTRACT
The properties of composite materials result from the properties of the constituent materials, the geometrical distribution, and their interactions. Thus to describe a composite material it will be necessary to specify the nature of constituents, the geometry of the distribution, and macroscopic response. In the field of electrical engineering, the electromagnetics in composite materials are more important, since the electromagnetic behavior of rather complicated structures has to be understood in the design of new devices or in the exploration of new findings. Negative-index materials are a class of composite materials artificially constructed to exhibit exotic electromagnetic properties not readily found in naturally occurring materials. This type of composite materials refract light in a way that is contrary to the normal right-handed rules of electromagnetism. Researchers hope that the peculiar properties will lead to superior lenses and might provide a chance to observe kind of negative analog of other prominent optical phenomena, such as reversal of Doppler shift and Cerenkov radiation.
