ABSTRACT

Genomics rapidly advanced with the mapping of the human genome through the Human Genome Project (HGP). The HGP was the private and public venture to map the genome through the efforts of Craig Venter's laboratory in San Diego and the National Human Genome Research Institute under Francis Collins. Pharmacogenomics, a critical component of personalized medicine, is the study of the role of genetic inheritance in individual variation to drug response phenotype. Pharmacogenomics consists of a series of clinical and scientific goals. Clinical goals include avoiding adverse drug reactions (ADRs), maximizing drug efficacy, and selecting responsive patients. Personalized medicine depends on investment as well, since investors in the field would like to get a return on their investment. Pharmacies must participate in the process of pharmacogenomics testing, diagnosis, and treatment, and patients and physicians must be encouraged to accept pharmacogenomics. Personalized medicine depends on investment as well, since investors in the field would like to get a return on their investment.