ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a state-of-the-art routing protocols in Underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN). UWSN environment is very different when compared with terrestrial wireless sensors network. The chapter divides routing protocols into two types: localization-based routing (LBR) and localization-free routing (LFR) protocols, where the term localization means knowledge of nodes and sink in network. The routing protocols which need prior geographic information of other nodes and sinks are LBR protocols, while those routing protocols that do not need any earlier geographic information for routing can be categorized as LFR protocols. Vector-based forwarding (VBF) is a routing scheme that requires maintenance and frequent recovery of routing paths. This is a position-based routing protocol in which less amount of nodes is actually involved in the routing process. Directional flooding-based routing (DFR) is an LBR protocol. In DFR, the flooding phenomenon is used, where packet is sent through a flooding mechanism to the final destination.
