ABSTRACT
In settlements of hunters, collectors, and gardeners, it is characteristic that the social and economic unit is formed by the kinship association of the clan. Security plays a very important part in the choice of a site for a settlement. Special forms of settlement have often become traditional owing to the need of security. Such are the dwellings in caves and on rocks which are found in all parts of the world, and also hiding-places excavated in the soil, such as are found in Tunis. The special position of the prince finds expression in Eastern Africa in the complete detachment and independence of the prince's settlement. The naming of the settlement is often connected, as, for instance, in New Guinea, with the names of the clearing. The removal of the settlement or the erection of new dwellings may be due to various causes. Settlements were always established by groups of relatives.
