ABSTRACT
Silicones are a broad family of synthetic polymers that are partly inorganic and partly organic. Their structure -consists of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms rather than the -carbon-to-carbon backbone that characterizes organic materials. Silicone fluids in commercial use often have side groups such as methyl, trifluoropropyl, phenyl, vinyl, longer alkyl, and other organic groups. Commercial silicone manufacture starts with the production of chlorosilane intermediates, especially methylchlorosilanes. Silicone polymers produce a white silica ash if burned and will eventually self-extinguish. Silicones experience a relatively small change in viscosity with regard to temperature. Surface tension of silicone fluids is usually low, making them appropriate for applications where high surface activity and great spreading power are necessary. The applications of silicone fluids vary widely. They are used as base fluids for a variety of products such as emulsions, solutions, greases, and compounds. The silicones industry has experienced a major shift from growth within traditional geographic boundaries to a global marketing approach.
