ABSTRACT
The regulation and monitoring of cross-border flows is central to the modern state’s claims of territorial sovereignty. However, the focus and concern vary significantly across time. In the post-cold-war era of global economic integration, many states are less concerned about deterring cross-border military threats or imposing tariffs on cross-border commerce and are, instead, more concerned about policing prohibited cross-border economic activities.1 Enhanced state efforts to police these prohibited activities-such as the smuggling of drugs, people, and dirty money-contrast sharply with the general trend toward opening borders and reducing the role of the state in the economy.
