This chapter discusses some of the problems and projects of the private sector of the Polish economy since 1956. Yugoslavia's agriculture has been essentially in private hands since 1953 but then Yugoslavia, not being a member of the Soviet bloc has always charted a rather independent course. The choice of that year was obvious: 1956, after all, represented a major watershed in the fortunes of the private sector when the collapse of collectivization and the return of most of the farms to their previous owners resulted in Poland's agriculture becoming again privately owned, at least to a very large extent. Space does not permit a full discussion of the actual contribution of the private sector to the Polish economy. Private sector in agriculture in the 1970s occupied a key position in the country's farm sector. There is little doubt that private agriculture has not been entirely left out of the process of rapid economic growth which characterized developments in Poland.