The concept of "social deviance" is difficult to operationalize. The presence or absence erf "social deviance" thus cannot be easily established in many cases, primarily because of the pluralistic nature of some societies. Widespread reactions erf the kind ultimately will destroy the existing social order and mate it impossible for the political or economic leadership of such a society to maintain power or even a semblance of it. In addition to the many factors complicating a systematic examination of "social deviance" the analyst is faced with the frustrating fact that human activity is hopelessly intertwined in such a way that political, social, cultural, and economic factors are constantly interacting in daily life. Social pressure was directed against those who cooperated with the authorities, and tax evasion was the norm. The relationship between the individual and society in many respects resembled Banfield's famous "amoral familism."