ABSTRACT
Students’ interactions with other individuals affect a number of psychological and educational outcomes. The social environment of the classroom is particularly complex and can be thought of in a range of different ways. Crowds are larger groups that often are representative of social structures in the school. In general, students who have friends who do well in school also tend to do well in school, whereas students who socialize with lower-achieving peers also tend to perform poorly in school. Bullying can involve physical aggression and intimidation but also includes behaviors such as social exclusion and name-calling, some of which takes place through social media. Social-emotional learning, or social emotional develop, are umbrella terms that refer to a range of competencies – knowledge and skills – that children and adolescents need to form positive interpersonal relationships and function within educational settings.
