ABSTRACT
This essay represents a contribution to the literature on the vulnerability of non-combatant men (and adolescent males) in situations of military conflict, ethnic strife, and genocide. In particular, it explores the role of heteronormativity – which I define as “culturally hegemonic heterosexuality” – in shaping the victimization experiences of male non-combatants. “Non-combatant” encompasses all those who do not bear arms in a given conflict, or at a given stage of a conflict. This includes both civilians, that is to say, those that have played no part in fighting, or whose martial moment lies far in the past. It also, and crucially, includes prisoners of war, as well as former fighters who have been demobilized or who have deserted. These latter may not be “civilians,” strictly speaking; but if they fall into the hands of an enemy, they are fully entitled to the protections afforded by the Geneva Conventions and other relevant human rights instruments.
