ABSTRACT
Signaling pathways play a pivotal role to maintain the homeostasis of the biological system, alterations in which, lead to the onset of severe diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer. Dysregulation of the glucose metabolism causes malfunction of the insulin signaling pathways. Insufficient or no insulin production leads to type 1, while, insulin resistance leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent advances in the field of systems biology encourages use of control theoretic approach to investigate the interactions within the insulin signaling pathways. The present paper provides a detailed survey and critics on various control theoretical approaches like parameter optimization, sensitivity and robustness analysis adopted by system biologists. Additionally, unsatisfactory drug treatments may lead to need of an alternative therapy like body exercise and acupuncture. Last section of the paper discusses on alternative therapies in type 2 diabetes as an open area for the researchers working from control theoretic perspective.
