ABSTRACT
Various scholars of state theories or international relations have been adopting some aspects of the system theory into their respective fields. Deutsch, in his analysis of political and state systems, suggests that systems may have different characteristics than the components or subsystems they comprise (Deutsch 1974: 156). And he defines system as ‘a collection of recognizable units or components which hang together and vary together, in a manner regular enough to be described’ (Deutsch 1974: 229). In his ‘world-systems’ theory, Wallerstein underlines that it is not about various systems (such as economies etc.) of the whole world, instead about these systems as a world. It is about ‘spatial/temporal zone which cuts across many political and cultural units, one that represents an integrated zone of activity and institutions which obey certain systemic rules’ (Wallerstein 2006: 17). World-systems theory shows the limits of reducing complex situations to simpler variables, and complicates and contextualizes all so-called simpler variables in order to understand real social situations (Wallerstein 2006: 19).
