Working in an isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environment, such as on a NASA deep space mission, will push the crew to work effectively as a team. In particular, the success of the mission may require the team to be able to engage in adaptation processes when challenges arise and be resilient to face such challenges. To better understand the importance of team adaptation and resilience of long-duration missions, we present a definitional model of team adaptation, integrate team resilience into this nomological network, and review research from NASA analog and other ICE settings. As it currently stands, the literature provides support for adaptation antecedents, processes and mediators, and outcomes in such settings. We translate our summary into lessons for pre-mission and during-mission interventions and countermeasures. Finally, we move the team’s adaptation and resilience literature forward, specifically within NASA analog and ICE environments, with future research directions.