The competitiveness of a region is partly determined by the extent of its tendency towards innovation. The regional context affects innovation by either facilitating it or laying obstacles in its path and favoring the development of certain innovations instead of others. Innovation in turn affects the organization of the regional context by modifying the relationships between its component elements. Reorganization of companies adopting innovation represents an essential condition for the profitable exploitation of technological opportunities and serves as a premise for the development of new technology. ‘Context conditions’ for technological innovation diffusion are the characteristics that foster the processes of innovative development in a regional system and contribute to increasing its competitiveness. In brief new competitiveness criteria produced by new globalization phenomena and by the characteristics of diffusion of technological innovation underline the importance of overcoming the strict limits of the sector or partial application units, as the threshold on which to test the criteria of efficiency and rationality.