ABSTRACT
One of the earliest genes to be discovered was a hereditary defect popularly dubbed the colon cancer gene. A person possessing such a defective gene has a strong likelihood of developing a common form of cancer of the colon, as well as an enhanced risk of other forms of cancer. Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the US with 145,600 new cases in 2019, according to the American Cancer Society. It is also the second most deadly form of cancer in the US, after lung cancer, causing around 51,000 deaths per year. Optics can be divided into two branches: geometrical optics and wave optics. Geometrical optics describes how light travels within various materials, how it interacts with matter, and how light can be manipulated to perform various useful functions. It is just as impossible to view objects through an ordinary twisting tube as to get illumination from one end to another.
