ABSTRACT
There has been a long-running discourse as to whether medicine is an ‘art’ or a ‘science’ (Sanders, 2000): major movements to shift medicine more towards science than art, with rational and systematic methods that are reproducible, have fallen largely into a bimodal distribution. Early standardisation efforts postWWI resulted in the establishment of specific requirements for hospitals and for the kinds of work to occur within, as well as the kinds and types of tools and treatment spaces required (Timmermans and Berg, 2003). The second major movement began in the 1980s, with the reassessment and tightening of many existing standards for the delivery of medical care for greater consistency in medical processes, standardising of medical education, as well as certifications and licensing of the scope of practice (Timmermans and Berg, 2003).
