ABSTRACT
Torrefaction is a process of modifying the properties of biomass by mild thermal conversion. It is what has been considered a biomass pretreatment method using temperature. The process is normally conducted under mild temperatures ranging from 200°C to 320°C. Biomass physical properties, as well as some transport characteristics, are improved. The most common process is slow heating in an inert atmosphere. Inert gas is used during the process to limit the conversion of carbon into other compounds as well as of volatiles in the biomass. The most common inert gas being used is nitrogen. The goal is to retain the energy content and only remove unwanted compounds, particularly moisture (water).
