ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the examination of the contributions of Toussaint L' Ouverture of Haiti, Marcus Garvey of Jamaica, and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, in their efforts made towards the global development of African people. It focuses on the socio-historical examination of an important aspect of the history of pan-Africanism. The chapter demonstrates that the spirit of Toussaint L'Ouverture's revolution matured in Marcus Garvey, and was brought to Africa by President Kwame Nkrumah. The chapter also demonstrates that the obstacles Garvey encountered in the West and in Liberia were similar to those that confronted Kwame Nkrumah on the African continent. The chapter concludes with the observation that Garvey's and Nkrumah's concept of pan-Africanism remains a mirage that needs to be brought about by the next African generations with the ineluctable establishment of pan-African educational institutions for the total achievement of Nkrumah's and Garvey's pan-Africanism.
