This chapter aims to give an insight into the identity and development of transportation corridors in Europe, distinguishing the trans-European network within the 15 member states of the European Union from the 10 pan-European transport corridors which connect with and extend the transport corridors eastwards through the Central Eastern European countries to countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Some of the terminology associated with the corridors and background information is given describing the modal pattern of freight transport throughout Eastern Europe. It is this enormous variety of infrastructure, coupled with the individual perspective and development priorities of each country that has applied to join the European Union, that poses a considerable challenge to Europe in developing the pan-European corridors into an effective transportation network. The broad bands of the corridors in reality become specific routes, after discussion with the respective countries along each corridor and subsequent Memoranda of Understanding.