From Gourou, his book Les Pays Tropicaux, in which, amid certain correct observations, there is expressed the fundamental thesis, biased and unacceptable, that there has never been a great tropical civilisation, that great civilisations have existed only in temperate climates, that in every tropical country the germ of civilisation comes, and can only come, from some other place outside the tropics, and that if tropical countries are not under the biological curse of the racists, there at least hangs over them, with the same consequences, a no less effective geographical curse… . What impure and worldly geography! ¹