This chapter provides all basic political, economic, and demographic data on a territorial unit of the Russian Federation, the Ulyanovsk Oblast. Ulyanovsk Oblast is located in the basin of the Volga River about 900 km from Moscow. It borders Samara, Saratov, and Penza oblasts, and the republics of Mordovia, Chuvashia, and Tatarstan. The popular support Yurii Frolovich Goryachev gained by maintaining a higher standard of living during the economic crisis of shock therapy may wane as conditions in the oblast fail to improve. The participants demanded that the oblast government respect the public’s constitutional rights and liberties. One complaint is that the oblast has unconstitutionally denied the public access to information such as budgetary expenditures. Goryachev’s relationship to the center has affected the amount of subsidies the oblast receives.