ABSTRACT
As of now, there is no concerted and sustained pan-European class-based struggle against the austerity governance and increasingly authoritarian neoliberalism manifesting at the European level. Some five years after the then-secretary general of the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), John Monks, (in)famously declared in 2009 that ‘given the tough labour market, and desperate employers, this is not a time for huge militancy’, 2 which new forms of labour resistance and alternative perspectives can we see emerging? How can we understand the uneven development of labour and the crisis in Europe with regard to the fundamental social relations that constitute the very fabric on which the European Union, and Europe, is built?
